《DK木工全书》封面

《DK木工全书》· Woodwork: The Complete Step-by-Step Manual · Julian Cassell 主编 · DK Publishing 2010

《DK木工全书》是 DK 出版体系里最”重”的一册木工全书:它不假设你只会一点台锯就想做家具,而是从工具本身讲起,一路讲到技法、木材,最后落到三十件能真正摆进家里的成品。由 Julian Cassell 主编、DK Publishing 于2010 年出版,全书四百余页,铜版纸印刷,每一步操作都配有分解图与尺寸标注。

全书由四大板块构成。TOOLS(工具)分三段推进:手工工具、电动工具、固定式与机床工具,从手锯、光刨、万能刨、凿、量具与划线工具、锤击工具、夹持件,一路讲到钻与电动螺丝刀、修边机、手持电动锯、砂磨机与钉枪,再进入台锯、带锯、平刨与压刨、车床与车刀、榫眼机、商业接合系统、立式钻床等重型设备,最后落到工坊布置、工作台与工件支撑、磨具与刃具研磨、胶合与夹紧、安全服与急救——也就是说,从”用什么”到”放在哪”再到”怎么保养”,工具这一章本身就是一间完整的工坊方案。

TECHNIQUES(技法)是全书篇幅最重、也最值得反复查阅的部分。开篇讲木材准备,随后进入 JOINERY(接合):从如何选择接合,到边对边接合、活动与固定企口接合、十字搭接、角搭接、斜面搭接,再到槽榫与燕尾槽体系、完整的斜接系列、榫卯体系(基础榫卯、带台榫、暗带台榫、楔紧贯通榫卯、可拆榫、错孔挤压榫、T 型夹榫、角夹榫)、梳齿接合、贯通与搭接燕尾榫、活动榫、使用商业连接件,最后以夹具与样板收尾。再往后是车削技法、贴面、涂饰技法与家具修复——从一块方料变成一件成品表面完整、可长期使用的家具所需的全部手艺,都在这几章里。

WOODS(木材)板块把软木、硬木与木皮分开处理:不同材种在纹理、密度、强度与加工方式上的差别,直接决定了前面所有技法该怎么用。PROJECTS(项目)板块给出三十件成品,从砧板、衣帽架、镜框、酒架、门厅架、洗衣箱、盘架,到屏风、书柜、早餐桌、壁柜、花园桌、花园长凳、半月桌、首饰盒、茶几、工具箱、床头柜、亚麻布箱柜、五斗柜、床、玻璃门柜、折叠支腿桌、碗柜与椅——难度和体量一路递增,每个项目都站在前面已讲过的技法之上,这正是”Complete Step-by-Step”(完整分步)的真正含义:工具、技法、材料、成品,四者闭环。

引言里有一段话把这本书的态度讲得很清楚:纯靠机器做家具当然可行,但那需要一间大工坊和一个很大的钱包;反过来,手艺让你能在有限的空间与预算内做家具,同时享受与木头近距离打交道的乐趣。末尾附参考资源、术语表、索引与撰稿人介绍。

目录 · Contents


前言 · FRONT MATTER …… 10

  • p.10 · 引言 · Introduction
    说明手工技艺在机械时代的价值,以及本书要解决的问题:如何在有限空间与预算内做出真正的家具。
    EN · Argues the value of hand skills in an age of machinery, and sets out how to make real furniture within limited space and budget.

  • p.12 · 关于本书 · About This Book
    介绍全书的编排方式、图示符号与阅读路径,说明四大板块之间的关系。
    EN · Explains how the book is organised, the conventions used in the drawings and how the four main sections relate.


工具 · TOOLS …… 16

  • p.16 · 工具板块引言 · Introduction
    交代手工、电动与固定式机床三类工具各自承担的工作,以及它们如何配合。
    EN · Sets out how hand tools, power tools and stationary machines divide the work between them.

  • p.17 · 安全作业 · Work Safely
    在进入工具讲解之前,先确立工坊安全的基本要求与个人防护意识。
    EN · Establishes basic workshop safety and personal protection before any tool is introduced.

手工工具 · HAND TOOLS …… 18

  • p.18 · 手锯 · Saws
    介绍常见锯类的形态、齿形差异与各自适用的切割方式。
    EN · Introduces the main types of saw, their tooth forms and the cutting work each is suited to.

  • p.22 · 刨 · Planes
    讲解手刨的构造与调整,含光刨、万能刨等常见形式。
    EN · Covers the construction and adjustment of hand planes, including smoothing and jack planes.

  • p.30 · 凿 · Chisels
    分类说明凿的刃形与用途,并演示榫眼凿一类专用凿的用法。
    EN · Classifies chisels by blade shape and use, and shows how specialised chisels such as mortise chisels are handled.

  • p.34 · 量具与划线工具 · Measuring and Marking Tools
    汇总划线、量取与定位用的手工量具,教你把尺寸准确转移到木料上。
    EN · Covers the measuring and marking tools used to transfer dimensions accurately onto the work.

  • p.39 · 锤击工具 · Striking Tools
    介绍锤与木槌等击打工具,以及配合凿子与钉件时的使用方式。
    EN · Describes hammers and mallets and how they are used with chisels and fixings.

  • p.40 · 夹持件 · Cramps
    讲解各类夹紧夹具的夹持力、开口与在胶合和装配中的用法。
    EN · Explains the clamping pressure, capacity and use of different cramps in gluing and assembly.

电动工具 · POWER TOOLS …… 42

  • p.42 · 钻与电动螺丝刀 · Drills and Drivers
    介绍钻孔与拧紧工具的基本类型,以及钻头选择与操作要点。
    EN · Covers the main types of drilling and driving tools, with bit choice and handling.

  • p.44 · 修边机 · Routers
    讲解修边机的类型、刀头配置与在开槽、成型加工中的运用。
    EN · Covers router types, cutter choices and their use in grooving and shaping.

  • p.50 · 手持电动锯 · Hand-held Power Saws
    介绍各类手持电动锯的适用范围与基本操作方法。
    EN · Describes the range of hand-held power saws and the basic technique for each.

  • p.52 · 砂磨机与钉枪 · Sanders and Nailers
    讲解砂磨机与钉枪的种类、耗材与表面处理中的用法。
    EN · Covers the types of sanders and nailers, their consumables and their role in finishing.

固定式与机床工具 · STATIONARY AND MACHINE TOOLS …… 54

  • p.54 · 台锯 · Table Saws
    介绍台锯的结构、主要附件与安全操作要求。
    EN · Introduces the table saw, its common attachments and safe working practice.

  • p.56 · 带锯 · Band Saws
    讲解带锯的锯条选择、曲线切割能力与常见工件处理。
    EN · Covers blade selection, the ability to cut curves and typical workpieces on a band saw.

  • p.58 · 平刨与压刨 · Planers and Thicknessers
    区分平刨与压刨的功能,讲解定厚与刨平料件的基本操作。
    EN · Distinguishes planers from thicknessers and covers surfacing and dimensioning stock.

  • p.60 · 车床与车刀 · Lathes and Cutting Tools
    介绍木工车床的基本结构与车刀类型,为后续车削技法打底。
    EN · Introduces the wood lathe and its range of cutting tools, preparing for the turning techniques later on.

  • p.62 · 榫眼机 · Mortisers
    说明榫眼机的用途、刀具选择与在榫卯加工中的效率优势。
    EN · Explains what a mortiser does, its cutter options and the speed it brings to mortise work.

  • p.64 · 商业接合系统 · Commercial Joining Systems
    介绍市售的工业接合系统及其在批量加工中的使用方式。
    EN · Covers proprietary joining systems and how they are used in production work.

  • p.66 · 立式钻床 · Pillar Drills
    介绍立式钻床在钻孔作业中相比手电钻的精度与效率优势。
    EN · Shows how a pillar drill improves the accuracy and efficiency of drilling over a hand drill.

  • p.67 · 紧固件 · Fixings
    汇总螺钉、螺栓等紧固件的种类与选型原则。
    EN · Summarises the types of screws, bolts and other fixings and how to choose between them.

  • p.68 · 工坊 · Workshop
    讨论工坊的布局、设备摆放与空间安排,是全书的”总平面图”。
    EN · Discusses workshop layout, machine placement and how to organise the space — the master plan for the whole book.

  • p.70 · 工作台与工件支撑 · Workbenches and Work Supports
    介绍工作台的类型、高度选择与工件支撑方式。
    EN · Covers types of workbench, choosing a height and supporting the work.

  • p.72 · 磨具与刃具研磨 · Sharpening Tools
    讲解常见磨具与刃具的研磨方法,以及保持刃口锋利的重要性。
    EN · Covers how to sharpen common sharpening tools and why a keen edge matters.

  • p.74 · 胶合与夹紧 · Gluing and Cramping
    介绍木工胶的选择、涂布与夹紧加压的完整做法。
    EN · Covers glue selection, application and the full process of cramping up a joint.

  • p.76 · 刮刀与磨料 · Scrapers and Abrasives
    讲解刮刀的使用与磨料等级的选择,用于取得平整光洁的表面。
    EN · Covers the use of scrapers and the choice of abrasives for a flat, clean finish.

  • p.78 · 安全服与急救 · Safety Clothing and First Aid
    列出工坊必备的个人防护用品与基本的意外处理与急救常识。
    EN · Lists essential protective clothing and the basic first aid to know in the workshop.


技法 · TECHNIQUES …… 82

  • p.82 · 技法板块引言 · Introduction
    交代本章要覆盖的技法范围,以及它们与工具、木材章节的衔接关系。
    EN · Sets out the range of techniques covered and how they connect to the tools and woods sections.

  • p.84 · 木材准备 · Preparing Wood
    讲解从选料到锯断、定厚、刨平,把木料处理到可开工状态的基本功。
    EN · Covers taking stock from selection through sawing, thicknessing and planing until the timber is ready to work.

接合 · JOINERY …… 92

  • p.92 · 如何选择接合 · Choosing a Joint
    给出按构件位置、受力与外观选择接合方式的判断思路。
    EN · Offers a framework for choosing a joint by where it sits, what it carries and how it looks.

  • p.94 · 边对边接合 · Edge-to-edge Joint
    最基础的接合,教你把两块料端面对接并保持垂直稳定。
    EN · The simplest joint — butting two boards and holding them square.

  • p.96 · 活动企口接合 · Loose Tongue-and-groove Joint
    介绍用独立木条充当榫舌的可拆式企口接合及其划线与开槽。
    EN · Covers demountable tongue-and-groove joints made with a separate loose tongue, including marking and grooving.

  • p.98 · 固定企口接合 · Fixed Tongue-and-groove Joint
    教你在同一块料上同时做出榫舌与槽口,天然对位、不易错位。
    EN · Explains cutting both tongue and groove in one board so they register without effort.

  • p.100 · 十字搭接 · Cross-halving Joint
    讲清两面等厚互扣的划线要领与先锯后凿的作业顺序。
    EN · Details the setting out and saw-before-paring order for a joint where both halves are removed equally.

  • p.102 · 燕尾半搭接 · Dovetail Half-lap Joint
    用燕尾形状加强搭接,兼顾连接强度与外观。
    EN · Strengthens a lap joint with dovetailed ends for both strength and appearance.

  • p.104 · 角搭接 · Corner-halving Joint
    用于框架转角,两料各挖去一半互扣成直角。
    EN · For frame corners, where each member is halved back to meet the other at a right angle.

  • p.105 · 斜面搭接 · Scarf Joint
    介绍端部斜面接合,用于延伸木料长度与修补开裂端头。
    EN · Covers end-to-end joints for lengthening stock and for repairing split ends.

  • p.106 · 全燕尾槽接合 · Full Housing Joint
    槽与榫都做成燕尾形并贯通全宽,兼具抗拔脱与装饰性。
    EN · Both housing and tongue are dovetailed and run the full width, resisting pull-out while looking good.

  • p.108 · 带肩止口槽接合 · Shouldered and Stopped Housing Joint
    在全燕尾槽接合基础上加肩与止口,适合需要定位精度的箱体角部。
    EN · Adds a shoulder and stopped end to the full dovetail housing, where accurate location matters.

  • p.110 · 燕尾槽接合 · Dovetail Housing Joint
    讲解燕尾槽接合的划线、开料与修配要领。
    EN · Walks through setting out, cutting and fitting the dovetail housing.

  • p.112 · 平斜接 · Butt-mitre Joint
    两端各锯成斜面拼成直角框,是画框类构件的基本接法。
    EN · Two ends cut to meet at an angle forming a right-angled frame — the basic joint for frames.

  • p.113 · 斜切搭接 · Mitred Half-lap Joint
    在斜接基础上对开搭接,增加接合面积与强度。
    EN · A lap joint cut on the mitre line, increasing both surface area and strength.

  • p.114 · 活动榫舌斜接 · Loose-tongue Mitre Joint
    用一片独立木条充当榫舌连接两个斜面,常见于镜框与画框。
    EN · Uses a separate strip as the tongue between two mitres — classic in mirror and picture frames.

  • p.115 · 键合斜接 · Keyed Mitre Joint
    在斜接缝上加一枚键块或销钉,防止斜面脱开滑动。
    EN · Adds a key or pin across the mitre seam to stop the angled faces sliding apart.

  • p.116 · 基础榫卯 · Basic Mortise-and-tenon Joint
    家具接合的核心,详解榫眼的凿制与榫头的修配。
    EN · The heart of furniture joinery — cutting the mortise and fitting the tenon.

  • p.120 · 带台榫 · Haunched-tenon Joint
    榫根留一小段台肩,防止外露并稳定门框一类的框架。
    EN · Leaves a small shoulder at the tenon root to prevent exposure and stabilise frames such as a door.

  • p.121 · 暗带台榫 · Secret Haunched-tenon Joint
    把台肩藏进卯眼内部,外表面完全看不到接缝。
    EN · Hides the shoulder inside the mortise so nothing shows on the face.

  • p.122 · 楔紧贯通榫卯 · Wedged Through Mortise-and-tenon Joint
    榫头穿出后打入木楔,靠膨胀力把接合彻底锁死。
    EN · Drives wedges through the protruding tenon, locking the joint by expansion.

  • p.125 · 可拆榫 · Knock-down Tenon Joint
    用楔子或螺栓做可拆卸设计,便于搬运、拆装与维修。
    EN · A demountable version using wedges or bolts — essential for pieces that must move or be repaired.

  • p.126 · 错孔挤压榫 · Draw-bore Tenon Joint
    故意让榫头与卯眼孔错位,敲入木销把榫头反向拉紧锁死。
    EN · Deliberately offsets the tenon from the mortise hole, then drives pegs to pull the joint tight.

  • p.128 · T 型夹榫 · T-bridle Joint
    在构件端头开出 T 形槽与销,常用来替代昂贵的雕花机加工。
    EN · A T-shaped slot and tenon at the end of a member, often replacing costly mortising-machine work.

  • p.131 · 角夹榫 · Corner-bridle Joint
    夹榫的角部变体,用于框架转角与箱体角柱。
    EN · The corner variant of the bridle joint, for frame corners and carcase uprights.

  • p.132 · 梳齿接合 · Comb Joint
    铣出等距梳齿后胶合,用于宽板拼板与箱底。
    EN · Interlocking comb fingers cut at equal spacing and glued — for wide panels and carcase bottoms.

  • p.134 · 贯通燕尾榫 · Through-dovetail Joint
    最经典的燕尾,讲清刀距、倾角与四面划线的方法。
    EN · The classic dovetail — setting out the tails, the angle and all four faces.

  • p.138 · 搭接燕尾榫 · Lapped-dovetail Joint
    在半搭接基础上加燕尾,外表不露端面,适合半可见的部位。
    EN · A dovetail on a half lap, leaving no end grain showing — useful where the joint is only partly visible.

  • p.140 · 活动榫 · Floating-tenon Joint
    用另备的榫舌夹在两件开槽件之间,便于调整与批量制作。
    EN · A separate tenon captured between two grooved parts — easy to adjust and efficient in batches.

  • p.142 · 使用商业连接件 · Joints Using Commercial Connectors
    介绍偏心件、连接片等市售五金的应用场景与选用原则。
    EN · Covers cam locks, connector plates and other bought fittings, and when to reach for them.

  • p.150 · 夹具与样板 · Jigs and Templates
    用简单夹具保证重复加工的一致性,是批量出件的提速关键。
    EN · Simple jigs that guarantee repeatability — the key to producing matching parts quickly.

其他技法 · FURTHER TECHNIQUES …… 152

  • p.152 · 车削技法 · Turning Techniques
    从装刀、对刀到成形,讲解在车床上加工圆料的基本手法。
    EN · From tool setting and sharpening to shaping, the essential techniques for turning round stock.

  • p.157 · 贴面 · Veneering
    讲述薄木单(贴面薄木)的选材、胶贴、压实与边缘处理。
    EN · Covers selecting, gluing, pressing and trimming veneers onto a substrate.

  • p.164 · 涂饰技法 · Finishing Techniques
    从打磨、填孔到着色、上漆,逐步推进到成品表面处理。
    EN · Steps through sanding, filling, staining and sealing to complete the surface.

  • p.172 · 家具修复 · Restoring Furniture
    处理松动榫卯、修补缺损与结构加固的方法。
    EN · Deals with loose joints, filling losses and structural reinforcement.


木材 · WOODS …… 178

  • p.178 · 木材概览 · Woods
    总览木作为家具材料的基本特性,以及材性如何影响加工与设计。
    EN · Overviews wood as a furniture material and how its properties affect working and design.

  • p.179 · 软木 · Softwoods
    介绍常见针叶材的纹理、密度、强度与适用场合。
    EN · Covers the grain, density, strength and typical uses of common softwoods.

  • p.184 · 硬木 · Hardwoods
    逐类介绍阔叶材的纹理、密度、强度与加工特性。
    EN · Goes through the hardwoods by class, with their grain, density, strength and working character.

  • p.198 · 木皮 · Veneers
    说明贴面薄木的来源、品种、拼花方式与实际用途。
    EN · Explains where veneers come from, the varieties available, matching and their practical uses.


项目 · PROJECTS …… 202

  • p.202 · 项目板块引言 · Introduction
    说明三十件成品项目的编排思路,以及它们如何覆盖前面讲过的技法。
    EN · Sets out how the thirty projects are arranged and how they cover the techniques taught earlier.

以下两组划分依据项目体量粗分,便于按难度递进阅读,非原书目录分组;页码与项目名均为原书印刷页码与英文原名。

小件与零活 · SMALL PIECES …… 204

  • p.204 · 砧板 · Chopping Board
    用端面拼接的板条做案板,示范拼板、找平与倒角的基本功。
    EN · A board laminated from strips — good practice in jointing, flattening and edging.

  • p.206 · 衣帽架 · Coat Rack
    用榫卯与圆棒构成落地衣帽架,练习钻孔与插接定位。
    EN · A floor-standing rack built with dowels and joints — practice at drilling and assembly.

  • p.209 · 镜框 · Mirror Frame
    以斜接与活动榫舌做出镜框,巩固前面的斜接技法。
    EN · A mitred frame with loose-tongue joints, reinforcing the mitred joint techniques.

  • p.212 · 酒架 · Wine Rack
    用槽口与分隔板组装,练习准确定位与重复开槽。
    EN · Assembled from grooves and dividers — practice at accurate layout and repetitive grooving.

  • p.216 · 门厅架 · Hall Shelf
    门厅用的搁架与挂钩组合件,板件与框体的综合练习。
    EN · A shelf-and-hook unit for a hallway — a combined exercise in boards and frames.

  • p.221 · 洗衣箱 · Laundry Box
    用角搭接与板件组合出箱体,讲解箱体类家具的构成方式。
    EN · Combines corner halving with panels to build a box-form piece.

  • p.226 · 盘架 · Plate Rack
    壁挂式分格架件,练习多层板件的定位与支撑安装。
    EN · A wall-mounted divided rack — practice at positioning shelves and adding supports.

家具与大型构件 · CASE GOODS …… 234

  • p.234 · 屏风 · Screen
    分格框架式的活动屏风,综合运用框架接合与板件安装。
    EN · A folding framed screen, combining frame joinery with panel installation.

  • p.238 · 书柜 · Bookcase
    综合性书架项目,涉及立板定位、层板支撑与整体防晃。
    EN · A substantial bookcase, dealing with upright positioning, shelf support and staying square.

  • p.244 · 早餐桌 · Breakfast Table
    小尺寸餐桌,重点在桌面拼接与腿部的接合方式。
    EN · A small dining table focusing on the top and how the legs are joined to it.

  • p.250 · 壁柜 · Wall Cabinet
    完整的箱体家具,含门、抽屉与上墙安装的做法。
    EN · A full carcase with doors, a drawer and how to fix it to the wall.

  • p.255 · 花园桌 · Garden Table
    户外用桌,面料与结构都要应对天气变化。
    EN · A table for outdoor use, where both materials and construction have to cope with the weather.

  • p.260 · 花园长凳 · Garden Bench
    与花园桌配套的长凳,练习长跨构件的接合与支撑。
    EN · A bench to match the garden table — practice at jointing and supporting long spans.

  • p.264 · 半月桌 · Demi-lune Table
    靠墙的半圆小桌,扇形台面与折叠支架是制作要点。
    EN · A half-round table against a wall, defined by its shaped top and its folding support.

  • p.272 · 首饰盒 · Trinket Box
    小尺度里做燕尾与间隙配合,是对精度的考验。
    EN · Dovetails and close-fitting clearances in a small box — a real test of precision.

  • p.276 · 茶几 · Coffee Table
    低矮的客厅几,重点在下料、桌腿装配与整体稳固。
    EN · A low living-room table, focused on stock preparation, leg assembly and rigidity.

  • p.282 · 工具箱 · Tool Box
    箱体结构的工具收纳箱,箱角接合与内部分隔是重点。
    EN · A carry box for tools, with the corner joints and internal divisions as the main work.

  • p.288 · 床头柜 · Bedside Table
    带抽屉的小柜,练习抽屉制作、间隙控制与安装对位。
    EN · A small cabinet with a drawer — practice at drawer making, clearances and fitting.

  • p.300 · 亚麻布箱柜 · Linen Chest
    存放布草的箱柜,通常带抽屉与盖板,接合与走形控制是关键。
    EN · A chest for linen storage, usually with drawers and a lid, where jointing and stability matter.

  • p.308 · 五斗柜 · Chest of Drawers
    多抽屉柜体,是箱体、抽面与滑轨配合的综合大件项目。
    EN · A multi-drawer carcase — a comprehensive piece combining case work, fronts and drawer slides.

  • p.318 · 床 · Bed
    大件床架项目,涉及长料、榫卯与整体装配的顺序安排。
    EN · A large bed frame dealing with long components, mortise-and-tenon joints and assembly sequence.

  • p.326 · 玻璃门柜 · Glass-fronted Cabinet
    带玻璃门的柜子,重点在门框斜接、玻璃安装与柜体方正。
    EN · A cabinet with glazed doors, focusing on mitred door frames, glazing and keeping the case square.

  • p.334 · 折叠支腿桌 · Gateleg Table
    传统 gate-leg 结构,折叠支腿的铰接与自锁是核心难点。
    EN · A traditional gate-leg table, where the hinged, self-supporting leg mechanism is the crux.

  • p.346 · 碗柜 · Dresser
    带抽屉与柜门的大型储物家具,综合前面几乎全部技法。
    EN · A large storage piece with drawers and doors, drawing on nearly every technique covered earlier.

  • p.368 · 椅 · Chair
    全书收尾之作,靠背、坐面与腿架的接合与造型都要求高。
    EN · The final project, demanding on the joints and shaping of the back, seat and frame.


附录 · APPENDIX …… 382

  • p.382 · 参考资源 · Resources
    列出可供延伸查阅的机构、出版物与相关资料来源。
    EN · Lists organisations, publications and other sources for further reading.

  • p.384 · 术语表 · Glossary
    汇总全书出现的工具、材料与接合术语,便于随时查证。
    EN · Collects the tool, material and joint terms used throughout the book for quick reference.

  • p.390 · 索引 · Index
    按主题与页码检索全书内容。
    EN · A subject-and-page index to the whole book.

  • p.399 · 致谢 · Acknowledgements
    致谢参与本书撰写、制图与拍摄的项目与人员。
    EN · Acknowledges the people and projects behind the writing, illustration and photography.

  • p.399 · 图片版权说明 · Picture Credits
    标注全书图片的来源与版权归属。
    EN · Credits the sources of the photographs and illustrations.

  • p.400 · 撰稿人简介 · About the Contributors
    介绍参与本书各章节撰写的作者背景。
    EN · Introduces the writers behind the individual chapters.

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