
《傻瓜木工入门(第2版)》· Woodworking For Dummies (2nd Edition) · Jeff Strong · John Wiley & Sons 2023
本书是 Wiley「For Dummies(达人迷)」系列木工分册的第二版,作者 Jeff Strong 自上世纪 70 年代起就在自家工坊里做木工,全书面向零基础爱好者,也兼顾已有经验但知识有缺口的人。按作者在前言中的定位,这本书不追求学院式的理论,也不堆砌术语,而是给出一套能立刻上手、少走弯路的实操信息:怎样为项目选到合适的木料、怎样挑到真正适合自己的工具、怎样把工坊布置起来、怎样选对并做出各种接合、怎样把项目一步步组装完成,最后怎样打磨与涂装。
全书的组织方式是模块化的:既可以从头到尾通读,让木工知识层层叠加;也可以直接从目录或索引里挑一个感兴趣的题目翻进去,不会觉得接不上。正文中大量交叉引用其他章节,方便读者随时跳到相关话题补充背景。作者明确说明自己的取向——采用现代工具与捷径,而不是一味复刻老派的手工路数;但他同时保留了传统做法的介绍,好让读者自己判断愿意怎么下手。书中的四个图标分别提示「值得重复的要点」「高手的窍门」「安全警示」和「偏技术性的背景知识」。
内容按六大部分推进。第 1 部分讲木工到底是怎么回事:木材的性质与选购、工坊安全。第 2 部分集中讲设备:手工具、便携电动工具、台式大型机械的选购、调节与操作,以及工坊布置与自制夹具。第 3 部分是接合工艺:胶粘剂、用电动工具和手工工具分别制作常见接合、机械紧固件。第 4 部分是动手做项目:从看懂图纸、列开料清单到组装,逐件做出书柜、桌子和柜类家具。第 5 部分是打磨与涂装:填补缺陷、砂磨与刮削、着色与上漆、面漆保护。第 6 部分延续该系列「十件事」的传统,用两章总结十个好习惯与十个常见失误。
第二版延续了该系列易读、图文并茂的风格,配套还提供线上速查表(Cheat Sheet),内容涵盖买料、耗材备货、读图纸以及制作与涂装的流程要点。
目录 · Contents
导论 · INTRODUCTION
- p.1 · 导论 · Introduction
交代本书定位与读法:适用于完全新手和知识有缺口的老手,只讲实用不做术语堆砌;说明模块化的组织结构、全书四个图标的含义、线上速查表以及不同起点的读者该从哪里读起。
Explains who the book is for, how it is organized modularly, the four icons used throughout, the online Cheat Sheet, and where to start depending on your experience.
第1部 木工到底是怎么回事 · PART 1: WHAT’S ALL THE BUZZ ABOUT WOODWORKING?
p.7 · 第1章 认识木工基础 · Discovering the Basics of Woodworking
木工全流程概览:认识木材,布置工坊(备工具、讲安全、做收纳),把木料接合成器,看懂图纸,边做项目边练技能,直到最后涂装收尾。
A bird’s-eye view of the whole craft: understanding wood, setting up shop, tooling up, working safely, getting organized, joining wood, following plans, building skills, and finishing up.p.11 · 第2章 木材值得欣赏之处 · Wood You Be Mine? Appreciating Wood for All It’s Worth
板材入门知识:等级判定、木材的三种开料方式(弦切、径裂锯、径切)及各自适用场合、缺陷识别;实木中的常见软木(雪松、杉、松、红杉)与硬木(桤木、白蜡、桦木、樱桃、桃花心、枫、橡、杨、柚、胡桃);木皮的辨别;胶合板等人造板的等级、芯层构造(单板芯、实木条芯、中密度纤维板、刨花板)与贴面;买料渠道与板英尺计算。
Board basics including grades, how wood is cut, defects; solid-wood softwoods and hardwoods; veneers; plywood and other manufactured boards with their cores and faces; where to buy wood and how to calculate board feet.p.35 · 第3章 工坊安全第一 · Putting Safety First in Your Workshop
人身防护(护目、护耳、防尘呼吸)与车间管理:控制粉尘、使用干湿两用吸尘器、保持工坊整洁,以及各工序的安全操作要点。
Protecting yourself with eye, hearing, and breathing gear; taming dust with a wet/dry vacuum; and keeping the shop shipshape so accidents don’t happen.
第2部 工具时代:设备选择与配置 · PART 2: TOOL TIME: SELECTING AND SETTING UP YOUR EQUIPMENT
p.47 · 第4章 备齐工具:选真正适合你的 · Gearing Up: Choosing Tools That Are Right for You
按自己的目标与预算来配置工具,讨论手工具与电动工具的取长补短,并给出新手起步的必备清单,避免一上来就买错买贵。
How to match tools to your goals and budget, the trade-offs between hand and power tools, and a starter list so beginners don’t overbuy or buy wrong.p.55 · 第5章 用手工具 · Getting a Handle on Hand Tools
手工具逐一讲解:手锯(背锯、燕尾锯、榫头锯、钢丝锯等)的选择与使用;手刨的各个类型(粗平刨、光刨、长刨等)与刨出干净刨花的要领;凿子的常见类型与正确用法;磨刀石的选择与基本磨刃技巧;锤、大木槌与木槌;螺丝刀;以及夹具。
Saws, planes and the different plane types, chisels and how to use them, sharpening stones and basic sharpening technique, hammers and mallets, drivers, and clamps.p.81 · 第6章 便携电动工具 · Peeking at Portable Power Tools
有线与无线的取舍;圆锯与曲线锯的选购与使用;修边机(雕刻机)的规格、铣刀种类与铣削进阶做法;砂磨机(带砂机、偏心/圆盘轨迹砂磨机);电钻的功能与各类钻头;饼干榫机的作用。
Corded versus cordless; circular saws and jigsaws; router specs, bits, and routing; belt and orbital/random orbit sanders; drill features and bits; and biscuit joiners.p.99 · 第7章 重武器登场:台式大型机械 · Introducing the Big Guns: Stationary Power Tools
台锯的规格与操作方法;平刨的构造与使用;带锯的特点与使用窍门;斜切锯的类型、功能与操作;压刨的功能与「啃头」控制;台钻的功能与操作。
Table saw specs and use; jointer details and operation; band saw features and how to make it easier to use; miter saw types and features; planer features and avoiding snipe; and drill press features and operation.p.117 · 第8章 布置工坊并让工具发挥到极致 · Setting Up Your Workshop and Maximizing Your Tools
车间硬条件:用电容量、照明、工具与木料的存放;公寓、地下室、车库、独立车间四种典型布置方案的利弊;机器的调校;以及几件自制夹具——推把、羽毛板、便携圆锯导板、台锯开板架。
Electrical requirements, lighting, and storage; four sample shop setups (apartment, basement, garage, dedicated); tool setups; and shop-made jigs such as a push stick, featherboard, circular saw guide, and panel cutter.
第3部 长相厮守:木工接合基础 · PART 3: TOGETHER FOREVER: BASIC WOOD JOINERY
p.139 · 第9章 胶粘剂与胶合 · Stuck on You: Using Adhesives and Glues
胶接的基本原理,以及各类胶粘剂的适用场合、施胶方法与残胶清理:木工胶(白胶)、聚氨酯胶、皮胶、万能胶、树脂胶、热熔胶。
The essential role of adhesives, plus when and how to use wood glue, polyurethane glue, hide glue, contact cement, resin glue, and hot melt glue, with cleanup for each.p.147 · 第10章 用电动工具做木工接合 · Working with Wood Joints Using Power Tools
先教如何为具体活计选对接合方式;拼板接合(对接、企口、嵌条、饼干榫);箱体接合(对接、裁口、横纹槽、燕尾榫);框架接合(搭接、夹榫、榫卯以及多米诺等现代框架接合)。
Choosing the right joint; edge-to-edge joints (butt, tongue-and-groove, spline, biscuit); carcass joints (butt, rabbet, dado, dovetail); and frame joints (lap, bridle, mortise-and-tenon, and modern frame joints).p.181 · 第11章 用手工具切削常见木工接合 · Cutting Common Wood Joints with Hand Tools
哪些接合值得手工做;搭接的做法;榫卯的完整流程——开榫眼与锯榫头;夹榫的榫头与榫眼;燕尾榫的划线、切榫齿与切榫销。
Which joints to cut by hand; lap joints; cutting the mortise and the tenon for mortise-and-tenon; bridle joints; and cutting the dovetails and the pins.p.195 · 第12章 用好机械紧固件 · Making the Most of Mechanical Fasteners
紧固件的作用;螺丝的头部形状、规格尺寸与驱动槽型选择,以及在家具上的正确用法;钉子细分(无头钉、饰面钉、钉枪);最后给出螺丝与钉子的常备清单。
The role of mechanical fasteners; screw heads, sizing, and drive slots plus furniture use; brads, finish nails, and nail guns; and suggested stock of screws and nails.
第4部 动手吧:把原木变成家具 · PART 4: GETTING YOUR HANDS (AND SHOP) DIRTY: TURNING RAW WOOD INTO FURNITURE
p.205 · 第13章 看懂制作流程 · Understanding the Building Process
看懂图纸上的材料表、标注尺寸与工序表;怎么列开料清单(挑板材最合适的部位、排列开料顺序);刨削备料;下料;再到组装——试装、上胶、夹装、校方与找平、清胶、静置。
Reading material lists, measured drawings, and procedures; creating a cut list and selecting the best board sections; milling and cutting; then assembly, dry fitting, gluing, clamping, squaring, cleanup, and letting it sit.p.219 · 第14章 做书柜 · Banging Out Bookcases
先拆解书柜的部件构成;然后做出简易书柜(含基础要点与分步做法)、现代风格书柜、Craftsman 风格书柜(含「贯通榫」的制作与开榫眼、组装)和 Shaker 风格书柜;最后讲怎样自行设计书柜与储物单元。
Breaking down bookcase parts, then building a simple bookcase, a contemporary-style bookcase, a Craftsman-style bookcase with through tenons and mortises, and a Shaker-style bookcase, plus designing your own storage units.p.245 · 第15章 做桌子 · Tackling Tables
桌子的部件构成;餐桌的完整制作(基础要点、桌面拼板、桌架制作、整体装配、上桌板);再分别做 Shaker 式桌、Craftsman 式桌、支架式(trestle)桌(含下料与接合、支架结构装配);最后讲自行设计桌子。
Parts of a table; building a dining table (tabletop, table frame, assembly, adding the top); Shaker-style, Craftsman-style, and trestle tables; and designing your own tables.p.277 · 第16章 做柜子 · Creating Cabinets
柜体部件构成;储物/工作柜的制作(箱体、台面、面框、柜门、抽屉及安装);四屉斗柜(箱体、面框、抽屉制作与安装、台面);Shaker 影音柜(箱体、柜门与安装、顶板);最后讲自行设计柜类。
Parts of a cabinet; a storage/work cabinet with carcass, top, face frame, doors, and drawers; a four-drawer dresser; a Shaker entertainment center; and designing your own cabinets.
第5部 大功告成:打磨与涂装 · PART 5: THE GRAND FINALE: SANDING AND FINISHING YOUR MASTERPIECE
p.315 · 第17章 填补与砂磨 · Smoothin’ It Out by Filling and Sanding
补齐瑕疵:填补小缺陷与大洞、把凹痕(木材被压陷的部位)通过加湿加热顶起来;然后是表面平整——砂纸号数递进的砂磨,以及用刮刀刮削。
Filling small imperfections and big holes, raising dents; then smoothing the surface by sanding through the grits and by scraping.p.323 · 第18章 上色:着色剂与油漆 · Adding Color: Stains and Paints
着色剂的类型辨析(颜料型着色剂与染料);油漆的选择标准、涂刷方法与清理。
Types of stains including pigment stains and dyes; choosing the right paint, applying it, and cleaning up.p.331 · 第19章 用面漆保护你的作品 · Protecting Your Work with Topcoats
各类面漆的优缺点比较;虫胶的调配、木材准备与施涂、清理;油饰;蜡;清漆与油性聚氨酯;水性聚氨酯。
The good, the bad, and the ugly about various topcoats; shellac, oil, wax, varnish and oil-based polyurethane, and water-based polyurethane, each with wood prep, application, and cleanup.
第6部 十件事 · PART 6: THE PART OF TENS
p.343 · 第20章 值得养成的十个好习惯 · Ten Great Habits to Get Into
慢下来、装好防护罩、佩戴护具、保持清醒、提前做好准备、定期检查关键设备、保证照明、保持工坊整洁、保持刀具锋利等十条安全与效率习惯。
Slowing down, standing guard, wearing protection, staying fresh and sober, being prepared, checking key equipment, lighting up, keeping the shop tidy, and staying sharp.p.347 · 第21章 十个常见失误及如何避免 · Ten Common Woodworking Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them
操之过急;涂装发花;抽屉/柜门装不上;桌子摇晃;着色不上色;打磨后木面起毛;接合装不到一起;桌面不平;锯切时木料劈裂;接合过松。
Going too fast, a blotchy finish, drawers or doors that don’t fit, a table that rocks, stain that doesn’t take, fuzzy wood after sanding, joints that don’t fit, tabletops that aren’t flat, wood that splits, and joints that are too loose.
索引 · INDEX
- p.353 · 索引 · Index
全书主题、术语与工具名索引,按字母顺序排列,便于按题目跳查。
Alphabetical index to every topic, term, and tool covered in the book.
